Republic of Ireland

Ireland^[a]
; Ireland; ; ; ; Éire (Irish); ;
	; ; ; Flag; ; ; ; Coat of arms; ;
	; ; Location of the Republic of Ireland (dark green) – on the European continent (green & dark grey); – in the European Union (green) — [Legend]; ;
Capital; and largest city;	Dublin
Official languages	; Irish; English;
; Ethnic groups (2016);	; 82.2% White ethnicity / Irish nationality; ; 9.5% White ethnicity / Non-Irish nationality; ; 2.6% No ethnicity given; ; 1.7% Non-Chinese Asian ethnicity (Irish nationality) / Non-Chinese Asian (Non-Irish nationality); ; 1.5% Other ethnic group; ; 1.2% Black African ethnicity (Irish nationality) / Black African ethnicity (Non-Irish nationality); ; 0.7% Irish Traveller; ; 0.4% Chinese ethnicity (Irish nationality) / Chinese ethnicity (Non-Irish nationality); ; 0.1% Non-African Black ethnicity (Irish nationality) / Non-African Black ethnicity (Non-Irish nationality); ;
Demonym(s)	Irish
Government	; Unitary; parliamentary republic;
• President	Michael D. Higgins
• Taoiseach	Leo Varadkar
• Tánaiste	Joan Burton
	;
Legislature	Oireachtas
• Upper house;	Seanad Éireann
• Lower house;	Dáil Éireann
; Independence from the United Kingdom; ;
• Declared	24 April 1916
• Ratified	21 January 1919
• Recognised	6 December 1922
• Constitution	29 December 1937
• Left the Commonwealth	18 April 1949
	;
Area
• Total	70,273 km2 (27,133 sq mi) (120th)
• Water (%)	2.00
Population
• 2011 census	4,581,269 (119th)
• Density	65.2/km2 (168.9/sq mi) (142nd)
; GDP (PPP);	2010 none estimate
• Total	$172.345 billion (None)
• Per capita	$38,549
; GDP (nominal);	2010 estimate
• Total	$204.261 billion
• Per capita	$45,688
; HDI (2011);	; 0.908; very high · 7th;
Currency	Euro (€)Prior to 2002, Ireland used the punt (Irish pound) as its circulated currency. The euro was introduced as an accounting currency in 1999. (EUR)
Time zone	; UTC+0 (WET)
• Summer (DST)	; UTC+1 (IST (WEST))
Date format	dd/mm/yyyy
Driving side	left
Calling code	353
ISO 3166 code	IE
Internet TLD	; .ie
	a. ^ Article 4 of the Constitution of Ireland declares that the name of the state is Ireland; Section 2 of the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 declares that the description of the state is the Republic of Ireland.; ; b. ^ The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Ireland is a European country on the island of Ireland. It is a member of the European Union. The country is sometimes called the Republic of Ireland in order to distinguish between the territory of the Irish state and island proper, but Ireland is its official name. It covers about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The other sixth is called Northern Ireland, which is still part of the United Kingdom. The republic's capital is Dublin. Cork is the second largest city in the country and the third largest on the island of Ireland. The population of Ireland is 4.6 million. English is the main language spoken. The Irish language is widely taught in all schools, and it is still spoken as a first language in some areas of the country, known as the Gaeltacht. Irish is the first official language, followed by English.

History |

Several hundred years ago, the English took over the country and made it part of the United Kingdom in 1801. Ireland left the United Kingdom in 1922 and has been an independent country since then.

Politics |

President of Ireland, Michael D. Higgins

The head of State, the President, is elected for seven years by the adult citizens. The same president can only be elected twice (14 years). Most of the president's tasks are representing and ceremonial ones. The president has little power over the government.

Ireland is a democracy and people vote for their representatives. The Taoiseach (equivalent to a prime minister) is selected by the parliament. The Taoiseach is usually the head of the biggest party.

The Oireachtas (equivalent to the parliament) consists of the Dáil Éireann (the lower House) and the Seanad (the 'upper House'). The system is similar to that of France or the United States, except that the President is not an executive.

The main political parties in Ireland are Fine Gael 25%, Sinn Féin 22%, Fianna Fail 18%, the Labour Party 7% and others, ref RED C poll 29 th June 2014.

Related pages |

Ireland at the Olympics

Ireland national football team

List of rivers of Ireland

References |

↑ ^1.0^1.1^1.2^1.3 "Ireland". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 29 April 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

↑ "Human Development Report 2011" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved 2011-11-02.

↑ John Coakley (20 August 2009). Politics in the Republic of Ireland. Taylor & Francis. p. 76. ISBN 9780415476720. Retrieved 2 May 2011.

ireann]] (the lower House) and the Seanad (the

[imf2-1] 1.0^1.1^1.2^1.3 "Ireland". International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 29 April 2011..mw-parser-output cite.citationfont-style:inherit.mw-parser-output .citation qquotes:"""""""'""'".mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registrationcolor:#555.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration spanborder-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon abackground:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center.mw-parser-output code.cs1-codecolor:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-errordisplay:none;font-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-errorfont-size:100%.mw-parser-output .cs1-maintdisplay:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-formatfont-size:95%.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-leftpadding-left:0.2em.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-rightpadding-right:0.2em

[2] "Human Development Report 2011" (PDF). United Nations. Retrieved 2011-11-02.

[Coakley2009-3] John Coakley (20 August 2009). Politics in the Republic of Ireland. Taylor & Francis. p. 76. ISBN 9780415476720. Retrieved 2 May 2011.

v t e Countries and territories of Europe
Countries	Albania – Andorra – Armenia² – Austria – Azerbaijan¹ – Belarus – Belgium – Bosnia and Herzegovina – Bulgaria – Croatia – Republic of Cyprus² – Czech Republic – Denmark¹ – Estonia – Finland – France^1,4 – Georgia¹ – Germany – Greece – Hungary – Iceland – Ireland – Italy – Kazakhstan¹ – Latvia – Liechtenstein – Lithuania – Luxembourg – Malta – Macedonia – Moldova – Monaco – Montenegro – Netherlands^{1, 4} – Norway¹ – Poland – Portugal¹ – Romania – Russia¹ – San Marino – Serbia – Slovakia – Slovenia – Spain¹ – Sweden – Switzerland – Turkey¹ – Ukraine – United Kingdom^{1, 4} – Vatican City
Dependencies	Akrotiri and Dhekelia² – Azores⁶ – Ceuta^{5, 6} – Faroe Islands⁵ – Gibraltar⁵ – Greenland^5,7 – Guernsey – Jan Mayen – Jersey – Isle of Man – Melilla^5,6 – Svalbard
Other Countries	Abkhazia^{2, 3} – Kosovo³ – Nagorno-Karabakh² – South Ossetia^{2, 3} – Transnistria – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus^{2, 3}
1. Has part of its territory outside Europe. 2. Geographically in Asia, but often counted as part of Europe for cultural and historical reasons. 3. Partially recognized. 4. not all dependent territories are listed 5. Territory has some form of self-rule. 6. Geographically part of Africa 7. Geographically, part of North America.

European Union member and candidate countries
Members	Austria · Belgium · Bulgaria · Croatia · Cyprus · Czech Republic · Denmark · Estonia · Finland · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Ireland · Italy · Latvia · Lithuania · Luxembourg · Malta · Netherlands · Poland · Portugal · Romania · Slovakia · Slovenia · Spain · Sweden · United Kingdom
Candidates	Iceland · Macedonia · Montenegro · Serbia · Turkey
Potential candidates	Albania · Bosnia and Herzegovina · Kosovo
by accession · by political system · by population · by GDP

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