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What do these symbols mean?


Why is there a key signature if I never play those notes?What are all these symbols in some old sheet music?Question about “The Place I'll Return to Someday” music sheetWhat do these beamed half notes mean?What do these unusual time signature symbols mean?What do these numbers mean? A4, G5, etcWhat is the correct notation for a repeat section with 2 different beginnings?What do these numbers above a measure mean?What do these dotted half notes mean?What do these square notes mean (in the left hand)?






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14















This is part of Hasse's "Mea Tormenta, Properate".



I think the one on the second staff is some sort of repeat sign, from the research I've been able to do, but I have no idea what the one on the third staff is for. I can provide more musical context if that's necessary.



The second staff is a violin part and the third staff is a viola part, if that's helpful too.





Figure 1. Three staffs of handwritten music. The top staff is a treble clef in the key of B flat. The second staff is also a treble clef in the same key. It has no notes and just contains a cesura/simile like symbol in the middle of the staff. The third staff is an alto clef in the same key. This staff contains a symbol that's like a backwards c, two parallel lines, and a small s. The center of the symbol is on the second line of the staff.










share|improve this question






























    14















    This is part of Hasse's "Mea Tormenta, Properate".



    I think the one on the second staff is some sort of repeat sign, from the research I've been able to do, but I have no idea what the one on the third staff is for. I can provide more musical context if that's necessary.



    The second staff is a violin part and the third staff is a viola part, if that's helpful too.





    Figure 1. Three staffs of handwritten music. The top staff is a treble clef in the key of B flat. The second staff is also a treble clef in the same key. It has no notes and just contains a cesura/simile like symbol in the middle of the staff. The third staff is an alto clef in the same key. This staff contains a symbol that's like a backwards c, two parallel lines, and a small s. The center of the symbol is on the second line of the staff.










    share|improve this question


























      14












      14








      14


      1






      This is part of Hasse's "Mea Tormenta, Properate".



      I think the one on the second staff is some sort of repeat sign, from the research I've been able to do, but I have no idea what the one on the third staff is for. I can provide more musical context if that's necessary.



      The second staff is a violin part and the third staff is a viola part, if that's helpful too.





      Figure 1. Three staffs of handwritten music. The top staff is a treble clef in the key of B flat. The second staff is also a treble clef in the same key. It has no notes and just contains a cesura/simile like symbol in the middle of the staff. The third staff is an alto clef in the same key. This staff contains a symbol that's like a backwards c, two parallel lines, and a small s. The center of the symbol is on the second line of the staff.










      share|improve this question
















      This is part of Hasse's "Mea Tormenta, Properate".



      I think the one on the second staff is some sort of repeat sign, from the research I've been able to do, but I have no idea what the one on the third staff is for. I can provide more musical context if that's necessary.



      The second staff is a violin part and the third staff is a viola part, if that's helpful too.





      Figure 1. Three staffs of handwritten music. The top staff is a treble clef in the key of B flat. The second staff is also a treble clef in the same key. It has no notes and just contains a cesura/simile like symbol in the middle of the staff. The third staff is an alto clef in the same key. This staff contains a symbol that's like a backwards c, two parallel lines, and a small s. The center of the symbol is on the second line of the staff.







      notation composition sheet-music






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      edited Jun 25 at 17:22









      Peter Mortensen

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          1 Answer
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          19














          These are both shorthand notations that refer to music occurring simultaneously in other staves.



          The first notation (the slashes) simply tell the performer to "do exactly what the other violins (the staff above you) are doing." This is especially clear when you consider, for instance, the following two portions of the score:



          enter image description here



          enter image description here



          This is just a practical measure to prevent the engraver from writing out the same music twice. Instead, the engraver uses this symbol and only needs to write the music when it diverges from that in the staff above.




          As for the second symbol, it's just a bass clef (It's upside down compared to modern standards, but it's a bass clef nevertheless; compare it to the bass clef throughout the rest of the score.) It markes a temporary change into bass clef from the prevailing alto clef, and although I've actually never seen this particular notation before, it seems to tell the performer to "do what the continuo is doing" (albeit an octave higher). This is made clear in the excerpts below by the fact that the middle staff begins this notated portion on the C an octave above the continuo and ends it on the E♭ an octave above.



          enter image description here



          enter image description here






          share|improve this answer




















          • 1





            That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

            – Carl Witthoft
            Jun 25 at 13:14











          • I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

            – shoover
            Jun 25 at 15:29











          • @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

            – Richard
            Jun 25 at 15:33














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          1 Answer
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          1 Answer
          1






          active

          oldest

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          active

          oldest

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          active

          oldest

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          19














          These are both shorthand notations that refer to music occurring simultaneously in other staves.



          The first notation (the slashes) simply tell the performer to "do exactly what the other violins (the staff above you) are doing." This is especially clear when you consider, for instance, the following two portions of the score:



          enter image description here



          enter image description here



          This is just a practical measure to prevent the engraver from writing out the same music twice. Instead, the engraver uses this symbol and only needs to write the music when it diverges from that in the staff above.




          As for the second symbol, it's just a bass clef (It's upside down compared to modern standards, but it's a bass clef nevertheless; compare it to the bass clef throughout the rest of the score.) It markes a temporary change into bass clef from the prevailing alto clef, and although I've actually never seen this particular notation before, it seems to tell the performer to "do what the continuo is doing" (albeit an octave higher). This is made clear in the excerpts below by the fact that the middle staff begins this notated portion on the C an octave above the continuo and ends it on the E♭ an octave above.



          enter image description here



          enter image description here






          share|improve this answer




















          • 1





            That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

            – Carl Witthoft
            Jun 25 at 13:14











          • I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

            – shoover
            Jun 25 at 15:29











          • @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

            – Richard
            Jun 25 at 15:33
















          19














          These are both shorthand notations that refer to music occurring simultaneously in other staves.



          The first notation (the slashes) simply tell the performer to "do exactly what the other violins (the staff above you) are doing." This is especially clear when you consider, for instance, the following two portions of the score:



          enter image description here



          enter image description here



          This is just a practical measure to prevent the engraver from writing out the same music twice. Instead, the engraver uses this symbol and only needs to write the music when it diverges from that in the staff above.




          As for the second symbol, it's just a bass clef (It's upside down compared to modern standards, but it's a bass clef nevertheless; compare it to the bass clef throughout the rest of the score.) It markes a temporary change into bass clef from the prevailing alto clef, and although I've actually never seen this particular notation before, it seems to tell the performer to "do what the continuo is doing" (albeit an octave higher). This is made clear in the excerpts below by the fact that the middle staff begins this notated portion on the C an octave above the continuo and ends it on the E♭ an octave above.



          enter image description here



          enter image description here






          share|improve this answer




















          • 1





            That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

            – Carl Witthoft
            Jun 25 at 13:14











          • I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

            – shoover
            Jun 25 at 15:29











          • @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

            – Richard
            Jun 25 at 15:33














          19












          19








          19







          These are both shorthand notations that refer to music occurring simultaneously in other staves.



          The first notation (the slashes) simply tell the performer to "do exactly what the other violins (the staff above you) are doing." This is especially clear when you consider, for instance, the following two portions of the score:



          enter image description here



          enter image description here



          This is just a practical measure to prevent the engraver from writing out the same music twice. Instead, the engraver uses this symbol and only needs to write the music when it diverges from that in the staff above.




          As for the second symbol, it's just a bass clef (It's upside down compared to modern standards, but it's a bass clef nevertheless; compare it to the bass clef throughout the rest of the score.) It markes a temporary change into bass clef from the prevailing alto clef, and although I've actually never seen this particular notation before, it seems to tell the performer to "do what the continuo is doing" (albeit an octave higher). This is made clear in the excerpts below by the fact that the middle staff begins this notated portion on the C an octave above the continuo and ends it on the E♭ an octave above.



          enter image description here



          enter image description here






          share|improve this answer















          These are both shorthand notations that refer to music occurring simultaneously in other staves.



          The first notation (the slashes) simply tell the performer to "do exactly what the other violins (the staff above you) are doing." This is especially clear when you consider, for instance, the following two portions of the score:



          enter image description here



          enter image description here



          This is just a practical measure to prevent the engraver from writing out the same music twice. Instead, the engraver uses this symbol and only needs to write the music when it diverges from that in the staff above.




          As for the second symbol, it's just a bass clef (It's upside down compared to modern standards, but it's a bass clef nevertheless; compare it to the bass clef throughout the rest of the score.) It markes a temporary change into bass clef from the prevailing alto clef, and although I've actually never seen this particular notation before, it seems to tell the performer to "do what the continuo is doing" (albeit an octave higher). This is made clear in the excerpts below by the fact that the middle staff begins this notated portion on the C an octave above the continuo and ends it on the E♭ an octave above.



          enter image description here



          enter image description here







          share|improve this answer














          share|improve this answer



          share|improve this answer








          edited Jun 25 at 15:34

























          answered Jun 24 at 20:01









          RichardRichard

          49.3k8 gold badges123 silver badges209 bronze badges




          49.3k8 gold badges123 silver badges209 bronze badges







          • 1





            That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

            – Carl Witthoft
            Jun 25 at 13:14











          • I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

            – shoover
            Jun 25 at 15:29











          • @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

            – Richard
            Jun 25 at 15:33













          • 1





            That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

            – Carl Witthoft
            Jun 25 at 13:14











          • I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

            – shoover
            Jun 25 at 15:29











          • @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

            – Richard
            Jun 25 at 15:33








          1




          1





          That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

          – Carl Witthoft
          Jun 25 at 13:14





          That is interesting about the implicit "follow the line" in the third staff. Side note - some orchestral music will mark a given staff "Cello and Bass" with the understanding that they'll sound an octave apart.

          – Carl Witthoft
          Jun 25 at 13:14













          I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

          – shoover
          Jun 25 at 15:29





          I think the bass clef is just upside-down, not backwards. Also, I think that's a stylized alto clef at the beginning of the system, so the bass clef symbol is there to indicate a change of clef. I'm talking about the third staff, with what looks like a double-barred H followed by a single flat. The alto clef indicates that the third line is C, which corresponds with the single flat (Bb) on the space below it.

          – shoover
          Jun 25 at 15:29













          @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

          – Richard
          Jun 25 at 15:33






          @shoover Good call on the upside down vs. backwards; I'll change that soon, you're completely correct! And we agree that the third system is an alto clef, but perhaps I'll make that more clear in an edit.

          – Richard
          Jun 25 at 15:33


















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