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I need to insert ATL tag for catalog products images programmatically. Is there any way to do it?

You can do this via the API interface MagentoCatalogApiProductAttributeMediaGalleryManagementInterface. You can add the image via the create() method, or update an existing entry via the update() method. Both methods require an instance of MagentoCatalogApiDataProductAttributeMediaGalleryEntryInterface, this interface has the setLabel() function that allows you to set the ALT tag for a product image.

I'm using a custom function to create images, it uses the above interfaces as factories. Updating an existing label/ALT tag works in the same way, but then using the update() function.

/**
 * Add image to product by SKU
 */
public function addImage(
 string $sku,
 string $filePath,
 array $imageTypes,
 string $destinationName,
 string $label = '',
 bool $disabled = false
): void 
 // Basic image data
 $data = file_get_contents($filePath);
 $base64 = base64_encode($data);
 $pathInfo = pathinfo($filePath);
 $fileExtension = strtolower($pathInfo['extension']);

 // Create media image
 $mediaImage = $this->mediaGalleryFactory->create();
 $mediaImage->setTypes($imageTypes);
 $mediaImage->setLabel($label);
 $mediaImage->setMediaType('image');
 $mediaImage->setDisabled($disabled);

 // Create content
 $content = $this->imageContentFactory->create();
 $content->setBase64EncodedData($base64);
 $content->setType("image/$fileExtension");
 $content->setName($destinationName);

 // Assign content to media and save image to product
 $mediaImage->setContent($content);
 $this->mediaGalleryManagement->create($sku, $mediaImage);

Constructor:

public function __construct(
 ImageContentInterfaceFactory $imageContentFactory,
 ProductAttributeMediaGalleryManagementInterface $mediaGalleryManagement,
 ProductAttributeMediaGalleryEntryInterfaceFactory $mediaGalleryFactory,
) 
 $this->mediaGalleryFactory = $mediaGalleryFactory;
 $this->mediaGalleryManagement = $mediaGalleryManagement;
 $this->imageContentFactory = $imageContentFactory;

You can set the store view using the setCurrentStore($storeCode) function from StoreManagerInterface