The lexical root of the perfect tense forms differs from the lexical root of the infinitive formContracted perfect and historical infinitiveCan I contract with an irregular perfect stem in v?Understanding 'percepset' instead of 'percepisset'Active perfect stem conjugation and forms of esseWhere does the infinitive 'fieri' come from?Does 'fiebam' contain the same root twice?Is there an aoristic-perfective distinction in the Latin perfect?Latin usage & perfect passive finite verb formsIs the third person passive perfect of a verb a source of nouns, e.g. “benedictus” from “bendico”?Is the U long or short in the forms ussi and ustus of the verb ūro?
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The lexical root of the perfect tense forms differs from the lexical root of the infinitive form
Contracted perfect and historical infinitiveCan I contract with an irregular perfect stem in v?Understanding 'percepset' instead of 'percepisset'Active perfect stem conjugation and forms of esseWhere does the infinitive 'fieri' come from?Does 'fiebam' contain the same root twice?Is there an aoristic-perfective distinction in the Latin perfect?Latin usage & perfect passive finite verb formsIs the third person passive perfect of a verb a source of nouns, e.g. “benedictus” from “bendico”?Is the U long or short in the forms ussi and ustus of the verb ūro?
Do the Latin have any other verbs, whose perfect tense forms base on the lexical root, that differs from the lexical root of the infinitive form (by analogy with the verb fero > tuli)?
etymologia morphologia perfect-tense
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
Do the Latin have any other verbs, whose perfect tense forms base on the lexical root, that differs from the lexical root of the infinitive form (by analogy with the verb fero > tuli)?
etymologia morphologia perfect-tense
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
Do the Latin have any other verbs, whose perfect tense forms base on the lexical root, that differs from the lexical root of the infinitive form (by analogy with the verb fero > tuli)?
etymologia morphologia perfect-tense
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
Do the Latin have any other verbs, whose perfect tense forms base on the lexical root, that differs from the lexical root of the infinitive form (by analogy with the verb fero > tuli)?
etymologia morphologia perfect-tense
etymologia morphologia perfect-tense
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
edited May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦
50.3k1271297
50.3k1271297
asked May 10 at 11:53
user4768
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Ferre is not the only example, but the phenomenon is quite rare.
Here are the examples that come to mind:
ferre (tul-) and prefixed versions
esse (fu-) and prefixed versions
tollere (sustul-)
Predicting the perfect stem from the present stem is quite hard outside the first conjugation, but they do still generally come from the same origin with some adjustments.
For example, tang- and tetig- both have the element tag, one with a nasal augment and one with reduplication and weakening.
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
In general, this is called suppletion: when some forms of a verb are stolen from a totally different verb. For example, English to go has no past-tense forms; the past tense is taken from the unrelated verb to wend (as in "wend your way").
In later Latin leading into Romance, for an extreme example, the verb eō, īre lost many of its conjugations, replacing them with forms from ambulāre "to walk", vadere "to advance", and even esse "to be"! The choice of which to use isn't consistent even within a tense: compare French je vais < ego vadō with nous allons < nōs ambulāmus.
For some more Latin examples:
sum, esse, fuī, futurus, "be", suppleted with (effectively) fīō "become"
fīō, fierī, factus, "become", suppleted with faciō "make" because esse stole its perfect stem- As you mentioned, ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, "carry", suppleted with tollō, "lift"
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus, "lift", plus a prefix because the original perfect forms were stolen by ferō
feriō, ferīre, percussī, percussus, "hit", suppleted with percutiō "beat" (thanks to Hugh for this one)
All the other ones I can think of are compounds from one of these, usually sum.
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
add a comment |
Also
ferio, ici (percussi), ictum (percussum)
Some inceptives as
adolesco, adolevi. grow up.
And groups with oblique links to the present stem:
struo, struxi.
torqueo, torsi. twist
torreo, torri. scorch
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
add a comment |
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3 Answers
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active
oldest
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3 Answers
3
active
oldest
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active
oldest
votes
Ferre is not the only example, but the phenomenon is quite rare.
Here are the examples that come to mind:
ferre (tul-) and prefixed versions
esse (fu-) and prefixed versions
tollere (sustul-)
Predicting the perfect stem from the present stem is quite hard outside the first conjugation, but they do still generally come from the same origin with some adjustments.
For example, tang- and tetig- both have the element tag, one with a nasal augment and one with reduplication and weakening.
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
Ferre is not the only example, but the phenomenon is quite rare.
Here are the examples that come to mind:
ferre (tul-) and prefixed versions
esse (fu-) and prefixed versions
tollere (sustul-)
Predicting the perfect stem from the present stem is quite hard outside the first conjugation, but they do still generally come from the same origin with some adjustments.
For example, tang- and tetig- both have the element tag, one with a nasal augment and one with reduplication and weakening.
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
Ferre is not the only example, but the phenomenon is quite rare.
Here are the examples that come to mind:
ferre (tul-) and prefixed versions
esse (fu-) and prefixed versions
tollere (sustul-)
Predicting the perfect stem from the present stem is quite hard outside the first conjugation, but they do still generally come from the same origin with some adjustments.
For example, tang- and tetig- both have the element tag, one with a nasal augment and one with reduplication and weakening.
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
Ferre is not the only example, but the phenomenon is quite rare.
Here are the examples that come to mind:
ferre (tul-) and prefixed versions
esse (fu-) and prefixed versions
tollere (sustul-)
Predicting the perfect stem from the present stem is quite hard outside the first conjugation, but they do still generally come from the same origin with some adjustments.
For example, tang- and tetig- both have the element tag, one with a nasal augment and one with reduplication and weakening.
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
answered May 10 at 13:26
Joonas Ilmavirta♦Joonas Ilmavirta
50.3k1271297
50.3k1271297
add a comment |
add a comment |
In general, this is called suppletion: when some forms of a verb are stolen from a totally different verb. For example, English to go has no past-tense forms; the past tense is taken from the unrelated verb to wend (as in "wend your way").
In later Latin leading into Romance, for an extreme example, the verb eō, īre lost many of its conjugations, replacing them with forms from ambulāre "to walk", vadere "to advance", and even esse "to be"! The choice of which to use isn't consistent even within a tense: compare French je vais < ego vadō with nous allons < nōs ambulāmus.
For some more Latin examples:
sum, esse, fuī, futurus, "be", suppleted with (effectively) fīō "become"
fīō, fierī, factus, "become", suppleted with faciō "make" because esse stole its perfect stem- As you mentioned, ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, "carry", suppleted with tollō, "lift"
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus, "lift", plus a prefix because the original perfect forms were stolen by ferō
feriō, ferīre, percussī, percussus, "hit", suppleted with percutiō "beat" (thanks to Hugh for this one)
All the other ones I can think of are compounds from one of these, usually sum.
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
add a comment |
In general, this is called suppletion: when some forms of a verb are stolen from a totally different verb. For example, English to go has no past-tense forms; the past tense is taken from the unrelated verb to wend (as in "wend your way").
In later Latin leading into Romance, for an extreme example, the verb eō, īre lost many of its conjugations, replacing them with forms from ambulāre "to walk", vadere "to advance", and even esse "to be"! The choice of which to use isn't consistent even within a tense: compare French je vais < ego vadō with nous allons < nōs ambulāmus.
For some more Latin examples:
sum, esse, fuī, futurus, "be", suppleted with (effectively) fīō "become"
fīō, fierī, factus, "become", suppleted with faciō "make" because esse stole its perfect stem- As you mentioned, ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, "carry", suppleted with tollō, "lift"
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus, "lift", plus a prefix because the original perfect forms were stolen by ferō
feriō, ferīre, percussī, percussus, "hit", suppleted with percutiō "beat" (thanks to Hugh for this one)
All the other ones I can think of are compounds from one of these, usually sum.
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
add a comment |
In general, this is called suppletion: when some forms of a verb are stolen from a totally different verb. For example, English to go has no past-tense forms; the past tense is taken from the unrelated verb to wend (as in "wend your way").
In later Latin leading into Romance, for an extreme example, the verb eō, īre lost many of its conjugations, replacing them with forms from ambulāre "to walk", vadere "to advance", and even esse "to be"! The choice of which to use isn't consistent even within a tense: compare French je vais < ego vadō with nous allons < nōs ambulāmus.
For some more Latin examples:
sum, esse, fuī, futurus, "be", suppleted with (effectively) fīō "become"
fīō, fierī, factus, "become", suppleted with faciō "make" because esse stole its perfect stem- As you mentioned, ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, "carry", suppleted with tollō, "lift"
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus, "lift", plus a prefix because the original perfect forms were stolen by ferō
feriō, ferīre, percussī, percussus, "hit", suppleted with percutiō "beat" (thanks to Hugh for this one)
All the other ones I can think of are compounds from one of these, usually sum.
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
In general, this is called suppletion: when some forms of a verb are stolen from a totally different verb. For example, English to go has no past-tense forms; the past tense is taken from the unrelated verb to wend (as in "wend your way").
In later Latin leading into Romance, for an extreme example, the verb eō, īre lost many of its conjugations, replacing them with forms from ambulāre "to walk", vadere "to advance", and even esse "to be"! The choice of which to use isn't consistent even within a tense: compare French je vais < ego vadō with nous allons < nōs ambulāmus.
For some more Latin examples:
sum, esse, fuī, futurus, "be", suppleted with (effectively) fīō "become"
fīō, fierī, factus, "become", suppleted with faciō "make" because esse stole its perfect stem- As you mentioned, ferō, ferre, tulī, lātus, "carry", suppleted with tollō, "lift"
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātus, "lift", plus a prefix because the original perfect forms were stolen by ferō
feriō, ferīre, percussī, percussus, "hit", suppleted with percutiō "beat" (thanks to Hugh for this one)
All the other ones I can think of are compounds from one of these, usually sum.
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
edited May 10 at 16:28
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
answered May 10 at 15:16
DraconisDraconis
20.5k22884
20.5k22884
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
add a comment |
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
2
2
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
It is appropriate that the proper term 'suppletion,' resolutely refuses to adopt the suppleted form 'supplementation.'
– Hugh
May 10 at 17:17
add a comment |
Also
ferio, ici (percussi), ictum (percussum)
Some inceptives as
adolesco, adolevi. grow up.
And groups with oblique links to the present stem:
struo, struxi.
torqueo, torsi. twist
torreo, torri. scorch
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
add a comment |
Also
ferio, ici (percussi), ictum (percussum)
Some inceptives as
adolesco, adolevi. grow up.
And groups with oblique links to the present stem:
struo, struxi.
torqueo, torsi. twist
torreo, torri. scorch
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
add a comment |
Also
ferio, ici (percussi), ictum (percussum)
Some inceptives as
adolesco, adolevi. grow up.
And groups with oblique links to the present stem:
struo, struxi.
torqueo, torsi. twist
torreo, torri. scorch
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
Also
ferio, ici (percussi), ictum (percussum)
Some inceptives as
adolesco, adolevi. grow up.
And groups with oblique links to the present stem:
struo, struxi.
torqueo, torsi. twist
torreo, torri. scorch
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
answered May 10 at 14:01
HughHugh
6,0492819
6,0492819
add a comment |
add a comment |
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