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薙刀 參見 参考文献 导航菜单薙刀

日本刀長兵器


眉尖刀偃月刀奈良時代遣唐僧人禪宗朴刀倭人平安時代僧兵源平合戰鐮倉時代太刀足輕南北朝時代矛槍長卷戰國時代苗字帶刀明治維新武道能乐












薙刀




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薙刀
日語寫法
日語原文
薙刀
假名
なぎなた
平文式罗马字
Naginata

薙刀是日本古代的一種長柄武器，其刀幅較寬，刀刃部分有很大弧度。其形狀與中國的眉尖刀比較相似（此處原文為偃月刀，但偃月刀刀背另有刀尖，而眉尖刀窄﹑長﹑彎刀形與之更相近）。又稱長刀。


薙刀誕生的過程目前尚不明瞭。有种说法是由奈良时代后期，镰仓时代的手鉾改造而来也可能是奈良時代的遣唐僧人將中國禪宗寺院習武使用的朴刀帶回日本，因宋代朴刀被廣泛用來對付騎兵，與宋代交流密切的日本亦流行起來，後來逐漸獨立發展適合倭人體型的輕量化朴刀，即日本薙刀和長卷的兩種樣式。在奈良時代和平安時代，日本的僧兵所裝備的刀多為薙刀。薙刀在源平合戰中被廣泛使用，這是薙刀使用的鼎盛時期。進入鐮倉時代以後，武士們使用太刀，而足輕使用的武器多為薙刀。而此後在南北朝時代相繼出現了矛、槍、長卷等武器，薙刀的使用開始逐漸減少。戰國時代戰爭模式由武士個戰轉換成足輕集團戰後，長槍變成主要武器，薙刀開始逐漸退出戰爭的歷史舞臺，江戶時期因規定苗字帶刀轉為僧人和婦女平民的武具。


江戶時代武家的婦女必須學習薙刀術。[來源請求]而明治維新以後，薙刀術又被列為日本的九種武道之一。


薙刀有时也作为能乐的道具之一。



參見


  • 日本刀

  • 薙刀術


参考文献





维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源：薙刀
  • 『図解　日本刀事典』（ISBN 978-4054032767）、学習研究社　2006

  • 『図説・日本武器集成　決定版 （歴史群像シリーズ）』（ISBN 978-4056040401）、学習研究社　2005




取自“https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=薙刀&oldid=51640705”










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