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Given a string in a 24 hour format the program outputs a 12 hour format. The rules are:

• The output format must be 'hh:mm a.m.' if it represents before midday and 'hh:mm p.m.' after midday


• When the hour is less than 10:00 you should not write a 0 before the hour, example: '9:05 a.m.'

For example:

12:30 → 12:30 p.m.

09:00 → 9:00 a.m.

23:15 → 11:15 p.m.

The code:

import datetime
def time_converter(time):
 midday_dt = datetime.datetime.strptime('12:00','%H:%M')
 time_dt = datetime.datetime.strptime(time, '%H:%M')

 if time_dt >= midday_dt:
 if time_dt >= datetime.datetime.strptime('13:00','%H:%M'):
 hours, minutes = clamp_to_twelve(time_dt, midday_dt)
 time = f'hours:minutes'
 time += ' p.m.'
 else:
 if time_dt < datetime.datetime.strptime('10:00','%H:%M'):
 time = time[1:]
 if is_midnight(time_dt):
 hours, minutes = clamp_to_twelve(time_dt, midday_dt)
 time = f'hours:minutes:02d'
 time += ' a.m.'
 return time

def clamp_to_twelve(time_dt, midday_dt):
 clamp_dt = time_dt - midday_dt
 minutes, seconds = divmod(clamp_dt.seconds, 60)
 hours, minutes = divmod(minutes, 60)
 return [hours, minutes]

def is_midnight(time_dt):
 return (time_dt >= datetime.datetime.strptime('00:00','%H:%M') and
 time_dt <= datetime.datetime.strptime('00:59','%H:%M'))

if __name__ == '__main__':
 assert time_converter('12:30') == '12:30 p.m.'
 assert time_converter('09:00') == '9:00 a.m.'
 assert time_converter('23:15') == '11:15 p.m.'

You don't need such a long program for such a short task. You can make it considerably shorter,

>>> from datetime import datetime
>>> d = datetime.strptime("10:30", "%H:%M")
>>> d.strftime('%I:%M %p').lstrip("0").replace(' AM', ' a.m.').replace(' PM', ' p.m.')
10:30 a.m.

>>> d = datetime.strptime("22:30", "%H:%M")
>>> d.strftime('%I:%M %p').lstrip("0").replace(' AM', ' a.m.').replace(' PM', ' p.m.')
10:30 p.m.

>>> d = datetime.strptime("09:00", "%H:%M")
>>> d.strftime('%I:%M %p').lstrip("0").replace(' AM', ' a.m.').replace(' PM', ' p.m.')
9:00 a.m.

The lstrip() function is to remove any cases of zero-paddings in front of the hours (basically, it removes zeros starting from the left side).

replace() is an inbuilt function in Python that returns a copy of the string where all occurrences of a substring are replaced with another substring.

Syntax - string.replace(old, new) (in my case - replaces all occurrences of AMand PM with a.m. and p.m.)

You can use strftime for your requirements and you can take a look at this too.

NOTE - Certain formats in the above-mentioned links only work on Linux (If you're using Linux, you can use %-I to remove the zero in front of the hours).

Hope this helps!