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Наџаф Историја Град и религија Спољашње везе Мени за навигацију31°59′13″ СГШ; 44°19′17″ ИГД / 31.9868333333° СГШ; 44.3213333333° ИГД / 31.9868333333; 44.321333333331°59′13″ СГШ; 44°19′17″ ИГД / 31.9868333333° СГШ; 44.3213333333° ИГД / 31.9868333333; 44.3213333333проширитиу

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Градови у ИракуИсламСвети градови


арап.ИракуБагдадаНаџаф2003791Харун ал РашидКомом1915Имам АлиШиитиимамомсунитихалифомхаџилук












Наџаф




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Наџаф

арап. نجف


Meshed ali usnavy (PD).jpg
Џамија Имама Алија - место шиитског хаџилука

Административни подаци
Држава
 Ирак
ПокрајинаНаџаф
Становништво
Становништво‍

.mw-parser-output .noboldfont-weight:normal
 — 2003.
585.600
Географске карактеристике
Координате
31°59′13″ СГШ; 44°19′17″ ИГД / 31.9868333333° СГШ; 44.3213333333° ИГД / 31.9868333333; 44.3213333333Координате: 31°59′13″ СГШ; 44°19′17″ ИГД / 31.9868333333° СГШ; 44.3213333333° ИГД / 31.9868333333; 44.3213333333


Наџаф на мапи Ирака

Наџаф

Наџаф



Наџаф на мапи Ирака

Наџаф (арап. نجف) је град у Ираку, око 160 km од Багдада. Наџаф је главни град покрајине Наџаф. Град је 2003. године имао око 585.600 становника.



Историја


Наџаф се налази у близини античког персијског места Суристан, из династије Сасанида. Град је подигао 791. абасидски халифа Харун ал Рашид.
За време Османлија, град је претрпео честе нападе арапских племена па је у 16. веку био децимиран. У 18. веку град је био опседнут од стране Вехабија. Од 1803. решио се проблем са недостатком воде настанком Хиндијског канала, и тада се популација нагло увећала од 30.000 на 60.000 становника. Једно време је религиозно потпадао под иранским градом Комом, а доминацију постиже у 20. веку.
Наџаф је ослобођен османске власти 1915. када власт преузимају Британци. Године 1918. Арапи у побуни убијају британског гувернера. Британци тада изстрадају град и изврше повратак на власт победивши упорне шејкове.



Град и религија


Наџаф данас представља шиитско свето место у исламској религији. Тамо је гроб Алија ибн Аби Талиба познатог као Имам Али (арапско: علي بن أﺑﻲ طالب)), којег Шиити сматрају првим имамом а сунити четвртим халифом. Тако се сваке године врши хаџилук Шиита у Џамију Имама Алија. По хиерархији је Наџаф иза Меке и Медине. У граду је и највеће муслиманско гробље на свету Вад ал Салам где су сахрањене и друге значајне личности Ислама. Заједно са иранским местом Комом чине центар шиитске верске школе.


Шиити вјерују да ће на Судњи дан имам Али устати из гроба.



Спољашње везе









Преузето из „https://sr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Наџаф&oldid=21119401”













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