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Nadžafas Istorija | Šaltiniai | Naršymo meniu32°00′0″ š. pl. 44°19′0″ r. ilg. / 32.00000°š. pl. 44.31667°r. ilg. / 32.00000; 44.31667 (Nadžafas)32°00′0″ š. pl. 44°19′0″ r. ilg. / 32.00000°š. pl. 44.31667°r. ilg. / 32.00000; 44.31667 (Nadžafas)

Irako miestai


arab.IrakeEufratoBagdadoBabilonoKerbeląHiląDivanijąHailąšiizmoMekąMedinąAliImamo Ali mečetėVadi us Salamassufijų791AbasidųHaruno ar RašidoXVIII a.vahabitųSadamo HuseinoKumą










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Nadžafas




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Nadžafas
arab. النجف

Imam Ali Shrine (1).jpg
Imamo Ali mečetė









Nadžafas




32°00′0″ š. pl. 44°19′0″ r. ilg. / 32.00000°š. pl. 44.31667°r. ilg. / 32.00000; 44.31667 (Nadžafas)Koordinatės: 32°00′0″ š. pl. 44°19′0″ r. ilg. / 32.00000°š. pl. 44.31667°r. ilg. / 32.00000; 44.31667 (Nadžafas)



Laiko juosta: (UTC+3)
------ vasaros: (UTC+4)

Valstybė:
Irako vėliava Irakas
Muchafaza:
Nadžafo muchafaza

Įkūrimo data:
791 m.

Gyventojų (2008):900 583
Altitudė:60 m


Commons-logo.svgVikiteka:

NadžafasVikiteka

Nadžafas (arab. النجف = An Najaf) – miestas Irake, Eufrato slėnyje, 160 km į pietus nuo Bagdado, 30 km į pietus nuo senojo Babilono miesto; muchafazos centras. Plentai į Kerbelą, Hilą, Divaniją, Hailą.


Svarbus islamo (ypač šiizmo) religinis centras. Yra prie istorinio šventojo piligrimų kelio iš Bagdado į Meką ir Mediną. Nadžafe yra musulmonų šventojo, pirmojo šiitų imamo Ali kapas (Imamo Ali mečetė).[1] Greta yra didžiausios pasaulyje kapinės – Vadi us Salamas (6,01 km²). Jose yra žymių šiitų ajatolų, sufijų, šventųjų kapavietės. Nadžafo medresė yra vienas svarbiausių šiizmo teologinių centrų. Miestą per metus aplanko keli milijonai piligrimų.



Istorija |


Nadžafas įkurtas 791 m. Abasidų kalifo Haruno ar Rašido. Jis įkurtas kaip Ali mauzoliejus, nors šio palaidojimo vieta iki tol buvo paslaptyje. Palaipsniui aplink išaugo miestas. Osmanų laikais buvo nunykęs, XVIII a. užpultas vahabitų. Sadamo Huseino valdymo laikais daug šiizmo dvasininkų paliko Nadžafą ir persikėlė į Kumą Irane. Irako karo metu mieste vyko keletas didelių mūšių.





  • Vadi us Salamo kapinės







  • Miesto gatvė





Šaltiniai |




  1. ↑ Географический энциклопедический словарь, гл. редактор А. Ф. Трёшников. Москва: Советская энциклопедия, 1983, 299 psl.









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