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Najaf Nilai keagamaan | Rujukan | Pautan luar | Menu pandu arah33°20′00″N 44°26′00″E / 33.33333°N 44.43333°E / 33.33333; 44.43333Never Again!Iran Diary, Part 2: Knocking on heaven's doorMuslim Shia's Saint Imam Ali Holy Shrine - 16 ImagesThe tragic martyrdom of Ayatollah Al Hakim calls for a stanceZaman Online, August 13, 2004Why 2003 is not 1991Iraqi forces in Najaf take cover in important Shia shrineReligious rivalries and political overtones in Iraq"Miscellaneous Relevant Links"A brief history of Iraq"Najaf"The Renewal of Islamic Law: Muhammad Baqer As-Sadr, Najaf and the Shi'i InternationalNajafThe Holy City of Najaf (Iraq)Interactive Guide: Najaf

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bahasa ArabIraqBaghdadIslamSyiahmakamSaidina Ali Abi TalibNabi MuhammadKhalifah Ar-RasyidinMakkahMadinahHajiUmrahNabi MuhammadMadinahMasjid Imam AliSyiahMakkahMadinahMasjid Imam AliIwannyaWadi-us-SalaamHari KiamatSufiAyatollah KhomeiniSaddam HusseinAmerika Syarikat












Najaf




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An-Najaf
النجف

Makam Immam Ali

Makam Immam Ali

Kedudukan di Iraq

Kedudukan di Iraq
Koordinat: 33°20′00″N 44°26′00″E / 33.33333°N 44.43333°E / 33.33333; 44.43333
Negara

Iraq
Wilayah

Wilayah Najaf

Ketinggian
112 kaki (34 m)

Kepadatan (2012)
 - Jumlah 950,600
  kira-kira
Zon masa
GMT +3 (UTC)
 - Musim panas (DST) +4 (UTC)

Najaf (bahasa Arab: النجف An-Najaf) merupakan sebuah kota di Iraq, 160 km selatan Baghdad. Ia merupakan ibu negeri Wilayah Najaf. Najaf merupakan kota suci penganut Islam Syiah dan juga pusat kuasa politik golongan Syiah di Iraq.



Nilai keagamaan |


Najaf telah sekian lama terkenal sebagai lokasi dimana letaknya makam bagi Saidina Ali Abi Talib yang juga dikenali sebagai "Imām Alī" Imam pertama dalam Syiah, beliau juga merupakan sepupu serta menantu kepada junjungan mulia Nabi Muhammad SAW. Imam Ali juga merupakan Khalifah Ar-Rasyidin yang ke-4 mengikut kepercayaan umat Islam. Kota Najaf kini merupakan pusat keagungan bagi ramai penziarah dari segenap umat Syiah Islam dari seluruh dunia. Namun telah dipastikan bahawa hanya kota suci Makkah dan Madinah sahaja menerima jutaan penziarah Muslim yang ingin menunaikan ibadah Haji dan Umrah. Najaf dianggap sebagai tanah perkuburan Islam yang ke-2 terpenting khususnya dalam perspektif masyarakat Syiah Islam selepas makam agung Nabi Muhammad SAW di kota suci Madinah Al-Munawwarah,[1]Masjid Imam Ali pula dianggap oleh kebanyakan Syiah sebagai tapak ke-3 paling suci dalam Islam selepas Makkah dan Madinah.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]


Masjid Imam Ali merupakan sebuah Masjid Makam dengan pintu gerbang Iwannya bersalut emas sehingga ke puncak kubah dan menara. Terdapat banyak barangan berharga pada dinding iwan Masjid Makam. Berdekatan Masjid terdapatnya tnaha perkuburan Islam Wadi-us-Salaam, yang dipercayai merupakan tanah perkuran Islam terbesar didunia.[10] Ia mengandungi makam bagi beberapa orang Rasul Islam serta dipercayai bahawa mereka yang beriman dengan Iman Islam akan dibangunkan bersama-sama Imām Alī tatkala selepas tipan sangkakala ke-2 pada Hari Kiamat. Selepas berlalunya beberapa abad, Najaf telah mempunyai banyak kemudahan infrastruktur termasuk hospital, sekolah, perpustkaan, dan mihrab ahli Sufi yang dibina menglilingi Makan Imam Ali dan sekaligus tidak hairan lah mengapa kota Najaf cukup terkenal dengan pusat pendidikan sains dan ilmu hayat, astronomi, matematik dan teologi serta falsafah Islam.


Dewan Seminar Najaf merupakan salah satu pusat pendidikan yang begitu penting dalam dunia Islam. Ayatollah Khomeini juga pernah memberikan syarahannya diantara tahun 1964-1978 Masihi.
[11]
Ramai para pemimpin gerakan politik dan pelopor pemerintahan dunia Islam yang terkenal di Iraq, Iran dan Lubnan pernah belajar di Najaf pada era-1970.
[12]


Kini banyak kesan warisan Najaf telah dimusnahkan dengan teruk ketika era zaman pemerintahan Saddam Hussein, namun kerosakan yang lebih ketara serta kemusnahan besar-besaran telah dilakukan oleh tentera Amerika Syarikat ketika mereka mengawal kawasan ini.



Rujukan |




  1. ^ ab Never Again! ShiaNews.com


  2. ^ Iran Diary, Part 2: Knocking on heaven's door Asia Times Online


  3. ^ Muslim Shia's Saint Imam Ali Holy Shrine - 16 Images Cultural Heritage Photo Agency


  4. ^ The tragic martyrdom of Ayatollah Al Hakim calls for a stance Modarresi News, September 4, 2003


  5. ^ Zaman Online, August 13, 2004


  6. ^ Why 2003 is not 1991 The Guardian, April 1, 2003


  7. ^ Iraqi forces in Najaf take cover in important Shia shrine, The Boston Globe, April 2, 2003. "For the world's nearly 120 million Muslim Shias, Najaf is the third holiest city behind Mecca and Medina in Saudi Arabia."


  8. ^ Religious rivalries and political overtones in Iraq CNN.com, April 23, 2003]


  9. ^ "Miscellaneous Relevant Links" Muslims, Islam, and Iraq]


  10. ^ Hala Mundhir Fattah; Frank Caso (2009). A brief history of Iraq. Infobase Publishing. m/s. 140. ISBN 9780816057672. Dicapai 18 October 2010. 


  11. ^ Ring, Trudy (1996). "Najaf". Global Security. Dicapai 2009-09-13. 


  12. ^ Mallat, Chibli (2004). The Renewal of Islamic Law: Muhammad Baqer As-Sadr, Najaf and the Shi'i International. Cambridge University Press. Dicapai 2009-09-13. 




Pautan luar |




  • The Holy City of Najaf (Iraq)


  • Interactive Guide: Najaf - The Guardian




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